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What is organic gardening?

Organic gardening involves using the principles of organic horticulting in your garden. Issues such as how the soil is built, how the soil is nurtured, and how pests are managed are of paramount importance to organic gardening.  Basically, organic gardening involves working in cooperation with nature in your garden.

In simple terms, organic gardening means that you grow your garden without using synthetic products or chemicals such as those used in pesticides and fertilizers. With organic gardening, you will be using sensible and natural methods to replinish your soil like feeding the soil with compost, and rotating plants to different areas each year to get the soil enriched naturally.

Creating and maintaining an organic garden can be a very satisfying experience for a gardener .

Why is the soil so important?

A core idea in organic gardening is that soil needs to be fed and nourished, so that, it, in turn, can nourish our plants. This is simple, common sense.

Soil can be of different types.   Clay soil is rich in nutrients and holds water better, but the soil can sometimes hold the water too well and not let enough air in. Sandy soil, on the other hand drains water well, but is usually low in nutrients. The idea, in either case, is to add some organic matter to improve the soil’s nutrient content and texture so it will support plant growth better.

How can you eliminate pests without chemicals?

If you are an organic gardener, does it means that you have to live with pests in your garden?  That certainly seems to be a common question in the minds of gardeners unfamiliar with the tenets and methods of organic gardening.

Firstly, the gardener needs to remain diligent in watching over the plants in his garden, and keeping an eye on their health before matters are real bad. Secondly, the key is to adopt a mindset of acting in a way that is in cooperation with nature. Thirdly, the gardener has to recognize that old methods of gardening won’t necessarily be consistent with the desire to be an organic gardener, and so they have to commit to become more knowledgeable about the specific issues faced by their plants and then look for natural options to solve them. 

Sometimes, with pest control, if you know the exact nature of your pest problem, you may not need to do anything at all because the invader’s time in your garden may be strictly temporary, and they’ll be gone at the end of the season forever. It is not necessary to be trigger-ready to kill the pests all the time, with this approach.

Another example, with pest control, is the use of friendly insects that would, in turn prey on the insects afflicting your plants.  This is an example of using a method consistent with nature itself, where there is a natural food chain of insects that feed off other insects. Ladybugs love to eat aphids. Birds will eat grubs.

Another safe, effective and natural method is to use physical barriers like sticky traps to catch flying insects. Many safe methods like this are there in the toolset of the organic gardener.

Here are some commonly used techniques to keep your garden thriving, organically:

• Let there be some pest damage – there is no need to strive for a 100% pest free garden always
• Select plants carefully. Choose varieties that are disease resistant.
• Plant companion crops that divert or discourage pests
• Rotate crops from year to year to disrupt pest reproduction cycles
• Use row covers to protect plants during pest migrations

Becoming knowledgeable with methods like these will help the gardener make wise choices in dealing with pests in the garden.

How can you enrich the soil without fertilizers?

There are many ways to keep your soil nutrient rich , without resorting to chemical fertilizers.

You can use “green manure”. Green manure is a type of crop that is grown for a specific period, with the main idea of adding nutrients and organic matter to the soil. Leguminous green manures like clover and vetch fix the soil’s nitrogen content in a manner that plants can use. Other green manure crops can help increase the biomass in the soil. Some cover crops behave as natural suppressants of weeds while preventing soil erosion and compaction at the same time. Oat, Rye, Fava Beans, Clover, Mustard, Fenugreek etc. are all popular green manures.

You can use “compost”. Compost is a decomposed combination of plants, animal and other organic materials that is rich, black soil. When added to the soil, compost provides nutrients and a rich growing medium for plants. You can make compost yourself by using vegetable, food and other organic waste materials from your home. Compose is natural fertilizer for plants, and there are many methods and materials available for preparing compost.

You can use “mulching”. Much is a protective ground cover placed over the soil to help it retain its moisture, and suppress weed growth . Organic mulches also provide nutrients to the soil as the cover decays.

Summary

Organic gardening is a nature friendly way of approaching gardening that does away with the use of toxic chemicals in the entire life cycle of growing plants in your garden. By working in synch with nature, you’ll enjoy the satisfaction of having your garden flourish.

There are plenty of resources available online that you can avail by using this guide to the best Web resources on organic gardening.

For other gardening resources , please consult this gardening guide.